Does discrimination exist in the United States? Middle-class blacks are discriminated against in the United States / Ishmael Reed -- Middle-class blacks are not discriminated against in the United States / John McWhorter -- The wage gap for women / Debra Katz and Justine F. Andronici -- Wage discrimination against women does not exist / April Kelly-Woessner -- Opposing same-sex marriage discriminates against gays / Julian Bond -- Opposing same-sex marriage does not discriminate against gays / Timothy J. Dailey. How does discrimination impact American society? Racial profiling against Muslims to prevent terrorism is ineffective and discriminatory / Leadership Conference on Civil Rights Education Fund -- Racial profiling of Muslims is justified to prevent terrorism / Michelle Malkin -- Discrimination leads to healthcare disparities / Institute of Medicine -- Discrimination is not the cause of healthcare disparities / Jonathan Klick and Sally Satel -- Religiously motivated discrimination in health care is wrong / Natalie Hope McDonald -- Medical professionals should be free to practice religiously motivated discrimination / Nedd Kareiva. Is affirmative action an effective remedy for discrimination? Affirmative-action programs are necessary / Gary Orfield -- Affirmative-action programs are unnecessary and discriminatory / Ward Connerly -- Race-based affirmative action hurts African Americans / Richard H. Sander -- Race-based affirmative action has helped African Americans / David L. Chambers ... [et al.] -- Asian Americans support affirmative action / Richard Kim -- Affirmative-action programs discriminate against Asians / Larry Elder. What impact does the government have on discrimination in the U.S.? Anti-discrimination laws aren't perfect, but they work? / Richard Thompson Ford -- Anti-discrimination laws are limited / Stephanie M. Wildman -- It is discriminatory for the government to consider race / Edward J. Erler -- The government should consider race in order to achieve integration / Ruth Marcus -- Government cannot fix the inequalities caused by discrimination against blacks / Amy L. Wax -- Sentencing guidelines such as mandatory minimum sentences are discriminatory / John Lewis and Robert Wilkins -- Sentencing guidelines are fair and have decreased crime / Alberto Gonzalez -- Title IX is a success and should not be blamed for hurting men's sports / Jo Young Switzer -- Title IX hurts men's sports / Sara Foley.