On April 26, 1937, the Basque town of Guernica in northern Spain was bombed by Hitler's Luftwaffe in the midst of a bloody civil war on behalf of Francisco Franco's rebel forces. Twenty-four hours later, the village lay in ruins, its population decimated. This act of terror and unspeakable cruelty outraged the world, and one man in particular, Pablo Picasso, and expatriate living in Paris, responded to the devastation in his homeland by creating Guernica, a painting that many today consider the greatedst artwork of the 20th century.