Summary -- Recommendations -- Background -- The obligations of Israel and the Palestinian Authority under international law -- Excessive IDF force at clashes, unlawful killings and shootings, and assassinations -- Palestinian attacks on settlers and settlements, and disproportionate IDF response -- Settler attacks and the lack of an IDF response -- The impact of curfews, closures and blockades -- Appendix A: United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights code of conduct for law enforcement officials -- Appendix B: United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights basic principles on the use of force and firearms by law enforcement officials.