The enduring challenge of diversity -- The varieties of cultural pluralism -- The arena : state, nation, and nationalism -- Patterns of identity change and cultural mobilization -- Symbols, threats, and identity -- Ethnic politics in Zaire -- Tanzania and Uganda : integration or impasse -- Nigeria and India : the integrative role of cultural complexity -- Nigeria and India : integrative role of cultural complexity -- Indonesia and the Philippines : integration and cultural pluralism in the archipelago republics -- Identity and nationalism in the Arab world : the struggle between state and nation -- Latin American Indians : fugitive ethnicity -- Biafra, Bangladesh, and Southern Sudan : the politics of secession -- Patterns, trends, and formulas.